--- title: How To Model Key Figures SAP BW Tutorial [Tutorial] description: Learn to model SAP BW Key Figures using our guide best on our experience and SAP Best Practices. Become a SAP guru by getting all of our guides. image: https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/hs-fs/file-16543913-png/images/bw_consultant_skills-resized-600.png --- ![Model Key Figures](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/hs-fs/file-16543913-png/images/bw_consultant_skills-resized-600.png) # How To Model Key Figures SAP BW Tutorial [Tutorial] Table of Contents ## Time To Learn About Modeling SAP BW Key Figures As you dive deeper into [SAP datawarehouse concepts](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/request-sap-bw-naming-conventions-review), you will need to learn how to [model Key Figures](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/how-to-increase-profitability-sap-profitability-management-guide).  You will most likely have many questions as to just what a [key figure](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/5-kpi-design-best-practice-guidelines) is and will need some [guidance](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/inbound-marketing/does-pci-dss-compliance-affect-you) on how to model them.  We have prepared a short guideline as part of our on-going series of [How-To guides](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/value-stream-mapping) called **Modeling Key Figures**.   In it you will learn:   - Modeling Options for Key Figures - Dynamic versus Persistent Key Figures - Factless [Key Figures](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/10-sap-data-migration-mistakes-to-avoid) - Fact or Attribute - Transactions - Exception Aggregation - Cumulative vs. Non-Cumulatives - Elimination of Internal Business Volume How To Use [Google Keyword](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/inbound-marketing/how-to-use-google-keyword-planner-tool-tutorial) Planner Tool Tutorial   In order to get the greatest [value](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/what-is-the-tco-of-that-shinny-new-system-youre-about-to-buy) from this short guide, you need [knowledge of a specific industry](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/how-to-determine-your-fully-loaded-cost-rate), such as the Aircraft Industry (remember, building, maintaining and operating (MRO is a sub-segment within this!) are all separate industry segments within the broad general category of Aircraft Industry), knowledge of [datawarehouse](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/develop-a-data-governance-framework) concepts, and a variety of [SAP Business Warehouse Skillsets](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/consulting-rate-calculator-whats-your-rate).   ![BW Consultant Skills resized 600](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/hs-fs/file-16543913-png/images/bw_consultant_skills-resized-600.png)**Required SAP BW Consultant Skill Sets**   Key Figures are the central 'facts' stored in the [**SAP Business Warehouse (SAP BW) system**](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/understanding-sap-bw-in-5-minutes), and are the answer a business user is typically seeking.  For example, they might be looking for the [FLC rate](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/fully-loaded-cost-calculator) of a particular employee.   They are [loaded](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/identifying-cause-of-data-load-error-when-using-a-sap-bw-dtp) into the **Fact Table** of an **InfoCube** during [data loading](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/12-risk-management-considerations-to-measure-wricef-a) and represent the [results](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/how-to-increase-profitability-sap-profitability-management-guide) of the underlying transaction in the linked [source system](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/cots-vs-custom-development-decision-tree-analysis).    These source systems may or may not be SAP systems.   ## **Inherent Meaning**   In many cases, **Key Figures** are derived from the results of a process versus being [a direct result](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/inbound-marketing/how-important-is-data-governance-to-internet-marketing) of the underlying [source system process](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/data-quality-best-practices-for-effective-sap-bw-reporting).    For instance, a Source System may provide the Key Figures for **[Order Entry](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/inbound-marketing/learning-seo-from-the-experts) Quantity** and **Delivery Quantity**, explicitly and will be represented by specific Key Figure **InfoObjects** in BW.     If you know these two [pieces of data](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/develop-a-data-governance-framework), then you can derive the **Delivery Fulfillment Rate** which can be expressed as the percentage delivery quantity represents of **Order Entry Quantity**.   ## **Fundamental Design Decisions Required**   This sort of [derived Key Figure](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/inbound-marketing/how-to-correctly-calculate-conversion-rate-3-easy-formulas-to-use) requires a modeling decision to be made: - Should you create it in the [transformation process](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/inbound-marketing/4-ways-to-bring-digital-innovation-to-your-company) and store it permanently in the Fact Table of the InfoCube - Compute it each time in the query using a formula.   To make the right decision, why not take a look at our **[Key Figure Modeling Guide](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/resources/SAP-Best-Practices-modeling-key-figures/)** and learn more.   [![Download SAP BW Data Modeling Key Figures Guide](https://no-cache.hubspot.com/cta/default/118735/92bc5b9a-f3ee-47c7-8fcf-f379f4210535.png)](https://cta-redirect.hubspot.com/cta/redirect/118735/92bc5b9a-f3ee-47c7-8fcf-f379f4210535)   Thanks    Topics from this blog: [SAP BW Consulting](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/topic/sap-bw-consulting) [Best Practices](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/topic/best-practices) [BW](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/topic/bw) [Query](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/topic/query) [Data Warehousing](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/topic/data-warehousing) [Key Figures Modeling](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/topic/key-figures-modeling) ### Download SAP BW Mindmap Learn what SAP Business Warehouse is and what it does in under five minutes [![Get this Mindmap](https://no-cache.hubspot.com/cta/default/118735/8db2ad37-8211-47a3-86ae-09b6b2bb297b.png)](https://cta-redirect.hubspot.com/cta/redirect/118735/8db2ad37-8211-47a3-86ae-09b6b2bb297b) [mailto:someone@yoursite.com](mailto:someone@yoursite.com) ### Lonnie D. Ayers, PMP About the Author: Lonnie Ayers is a Hubspot Certified Inbound Marketing consultant, with additional certifications in Hubspot Content Optimization, Hubspot Contextual Marketing, and is a Hubspot Certified Partner. Specialized in demand generation and sales execution, especially in the SAP, Oracle and Microsoft Partner space, he has unique insight into the tough challenges Service Providers face with generating leads and closing sales using the latest digital tools. With 15 years of SAP Program Management experience, and dozens of complex sales engagements under his belt, he helps partners develop and communicate their unique sales proposition. Frequently sought as a public speaker in various events, he is available for both inhouse engagements and ** remote coaching. ** ![Balanced Scorecard Consultant](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/hubfs/social-suggested-images/Balanced%20Scorecard%20Certified%20Graduate.jpg) He also recently released a book **"How to Dominate Any Market - Turbocharging Your Digital Marketing and Sales Results",** which is available on [ Amazon.](https://www.amazon.com/Dominate-Turbocharging-Digital-Marketing-Results/dp/1728357950/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&qid=1589182458&refinements=p_27%3ALonnie+D.+Ayers&s=books&sr=1-1&text=Lonnie+D.+Ayers)**** [View All Articles by Lonnie D. Ayers, PMP](https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/author/lonnie-d-ayers-pmp) ## The SAP Blog Subscribe to our blog and receive SAP BW Updates, demand generation, inbound marketing, sales enablement, technology and revenue generation insights and ideas delivered right to your email. [mailto:someone@yoursite.com](mailto:someone@yoursite.com) ![SAP](https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/viewthroughconversion/960101754/?value=0&guid=ON&script=0) ![](https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=199270410761059&ev=PageView&noscript=1) ```json { "@context" : "https://schema.org", "@id" : "https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/how-to-model-key-figures-sap-bw-tutorial#blogposting", "@type" : "BlogPosting", "about" : [ { "@type" : "Thing", "name" : "Learning", "sameAs" : "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learning" }, { "@type" : "Thing", "name" : "Tutorial", "sameAs" : "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutorial" }, { "@type" : "Thing", "name" : "Best practice", "sameAs" : "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Best_practice" }, { "@type" : "Thing", "name" : "Data model", "sameAs" : "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_model" } ], "author" : { "@id" : "https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/about-lonnie-ayers#person" }, "description" : "Learn the best practices for modeling key figures in SAP BW, enhancing your data model and improving data warehouse efficiency.", "headline" : "How to Model Key Figures in SAP BW: A Tutorial", "inLanguage" : "en", "mainEntityOfPage" : { "@id" : "https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/how-to-model-key-figures-sap-bw-tutorial#webpage" }, "mentions" : [ { "@type" : "Thing", "name" : "Data modeling", "sameAs" : "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_modeling" }, { "@type" : "Thing", "name" : "Data warehouse", "sameAs" : "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_warehouse" }, { "@type" : "Thing", "name" : "Concept", "sameAs" : "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concept" }, { "@type" : "Thing", "name" : "Guide", "sameAs" : "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guide" }, { "@type" : "Thing", "name" : "Guideline", "sameAs" : "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guideline" }, { "@type" : "Organization", "name" : "Google", "sameAs" : "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google" }, { "@type" : "Thing", "name" : "Value (economics)", "sameAs" : "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_(economics)" } ], "name" : "How to Model Key Figures in SAP BW: A Tutorial", "potentialAction" : { "@type" : "ViewAction", "name" : "Download SAP BW Data Modeling Key Figures Guide", "target" : { "@type" : "EntryPoint", "actionPlatform" : [ "http://schema.org/DesktopWebPlatform", "http://schema.org/MobileWebPlatform" ], "inLanguage" : "en", "urlTemplate" : "https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/get-sap-bw-data-modeling-key-figures-guide" } }, "publisher" : { "@id" : "https://www.sapbwconsulting.com#organization" }, "url" : "https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/blog/how-to-model-key-figures-sap-bw-tutorial" } ``` ```json { "@context" : "https://schema.org", "@id" : "https://www.sapbwconsulting.com#website", "@type" : "WebSite", "inLanguage" : "en", "name" : "SAP BW Consulting, Inc.", "publisher" : { "@id" : "https://www.sapbwconsulting.com#organization" }, "url" : "https://www.sapbwconsulting.com" } ``` ```json { "@context" : "https://schema.org", "@id" : "https://www.sapbwconsulting.com#organization", "@type" : "Organization", "logo" : { "@id" : "https://www.sapbwconsulting.com#logo" }, "name" : "SAP BW Consulting, Inc.", "sameAs" : [ "https://www.linkedin.com/company/543163/admin/", "https://www.youtube.com/user/SAPBWConsulting/", "https://twitter.com/Lonniea39", "https://www.facebook.com/SAPBWConsulting" ], "url" : "https://www.sapbwconsulting.com" } ``` ```json { "@context" : "https://schema.org", "@id" : "https://www.sapbwconsulting.com#logo", "@type" : "ImageObject", "caption" : "SAP BW Consulting, Inc. logo", "url" : "https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/hs-fs/hubfs/sapbw-consulting.png?width=2847&name=sapbw-consulting.png" } ``` ```json { "@context" : "https://schema.org", "@id" : "https://www.sapbwconsulting.com/about-lonnie-ayers#person", "@type" : "Person", "name" : "Lonnie D. 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